Primary
1960
February 2011: 20 000 people demonstrate in southern France against the shale gas licenses that have been issued in backroom deals, Meanwhile the European Parliament begins its first inquiry on the subject, From the outset, there is a split between the conservative representatives, swayed by the economic arguments in favor of fracking, and opponents invoking the precautionary principle. In areas affected by the permits, people are getting organized, building their knowledge, and taking action. Local mayors step up, issue local bylaws and relay information about the situation up to the national government. This grassroots movement makes it all the way to European-level institutions.
Carole Menduni
Self
Self
Self
Self
Self
Self
1960
2004
2003
2025
2017
2009
2017
2013
2020
2022
2010
2006
2018
2024
2024
2025
2009
2007
2014